Tuesday, April 30, 2013

Town of Long Island, Maine [3/29/2013]


As a requirement for my Casco Bay Islands course, I visited the Town of Long Island, Maine. I was accompanied by two group members, and together we rode the ferry over, visited the school, the post office, and the conservation area before returning to Portland.

After getting off the boat, we hopped in a green Ford Windstar, with a "school bus" sign adorning its roof. The bus driver introduced himself as Chet, and joyfully gave us a brief synopsis of island history, pointing out all of the World War II buildings as we made our way to the school. The school consisted of two classrooms: K-2 and 3-5. There were two main teachers, an ed tech, a librarian, and several volunteers in addition to technology that connected all of the island students. The school appeared brand new and was absolutely beautiful. The students were cheery and enthusiastic about island life, reiterating time and time again how much they cherished their freedom.



Long Island was originally settled by members of the Abenaki tribes of Maine. The island was primarily used as a summer settlement due to the richness of marine food stores and farmable land. In 1706, John Russell of Boston was the first European settler to purchase the island (Vertical File). For the next twenty-six years the island changed ownership and became undesirable colonial property due to the frequency and dangers of the Indian wars. However, in 1732 Captain Ezekiel Cushing exchanged land in Portland and accumulated Long Island for his own family dwelling (Vertical File). His family is considered the first permanent settlers of Long Island and depended largely on their farming skills for survival. The Cushing surname is still prevalent in Casco Bay today.

The nineteenth century witnessed a population boom on the island and as noted in 1930: "in fact Long Island has since its earliest history bred and raised a hardy race of sailors and fishermen" (Vertical File). During the later half of the nineteenth century and turn of the twentieth century, railroads and automobiles hastened life on the mainland but also allowed Americans to road trip to nearby vacation destinations. Due to the onslaught of technology on the mainland, island life became more appealing for rusticators— Governor Cleaves sought refuge on Long Island off and on from 1870-1921 (Vertical File). The rusticators’ influence is evidenced as early as 1927 the first Catholic “summer” Church was built on Long Island as a destination for summer residents (Vertical File).

Technology on the island also improved as fishing equipment and commercial and recreational vessels transformed. Fishing became Long Island’s claim to fame, though farming was still practiced by individual families for their own subsistence. Furthermore, WWII brought technological innovation to Long Island, with a naval base and the recreational accouterments. Additionally, WWII exposed islanders to a large non-island population. The remnants of WWII, both the physical and the sentimental, are still relevant to today’s island culture.

The later half of the twentieth century was largely responsible for Long Island’s transformation from a ward of the City of Portland to an independent town. In 1953, the island built their first school that served students K-6th grade. While the school faced closure in 1981, it has since survived and recently undergone $850,000 in renovations to include a computer lab, library, and theater (Vertical File). In 1979, the old naval fuel depot was investigated by the Maine Department of Environmental Protection and in the last decade was turned into a conservation area that attracts rusticators and playful island children, alike (Vertical File). Since becoming a town in 1993, Long Island has not only refurbished their school and built a conservation area; they have also purchased a new fire truck, school bus, and a historical society to preserve their rich legacy.


Long Island serves as a microcosm for idealized Maine character: their work ethic, appreciation of simplicity, ability to rule autonomously, and socialization habits similar to those portrayed in Jewett's novel, The Country of The Pointed Firs. 


Sources:
Vertical File at Maine Historical Society
http://school.long-island.lib.me.us

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